Editing 40d:Stone

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''(For the beginning player, see also [[The Non-Dwarf's Guide to Rock]])''
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'''Stone''' or '''rock''' is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals. It sometimes [[stone management|leaves behind]] material after being mined or [[cave in|collapsing]]. Other types of [[Mining|minable]] tiles include [[soil]] and [[sand]].  

Stone is divided into a few key categories:
* [[Metal ore]]: stone that produces [[metal|metal bars]] when [[Smelter|smelted]]
* Rough [[gem|gems]]: rough gems can be [[gem cutting|cut]], then used to [[encrust]] objects and create [[window|windows]].
* Other stone: Stone that is not an [[ore]] or a gem. Few of these have a use outside of items and structures. ([[Obsidian]] is one exception).

[[Economic stone]]s are types of stone that can be reserved for a special purpose. For [[ore|ores]], this is smelting and for [[flux|fluxes]], this is steel production. [[Bituminous coal]] and [[lignite]] can be reserved for making [[coke]].

Having created loose stone, many times you'll want to get rid of it or at least move it someplace else. See [[stone management]] for advice.

''This article is about DF geology and the distribution of stones, and does not contain the specific locations of [[metal ore|metal ores]] or [[gem|gems]].''

== Main layer types ==
{{main|Layer}}

There are four types of stone [[layer|layers]] (plus [[soil]], which is not stone). The type of layer is the primary indicator of what kind of [[ore|ores]] you are likely to find on the map, as well as a sign of [[volcano|volcanic]] activity.

The types are [[sedimentary layer|sedimentary layers]], [[igneous intrusive layer|igneous intrusive layers]], [[igneous extrusive layer|igneous extrusive layers]], and [[metamorphic layer|metamorphic layers]].

The primary types of rock only occur in their own layers. (e.g. you won't find [[limestone]] in a [[marble]] layer.)

== Stones forming entire layers ==
These types of stone occur as entire layers, containing some [[cluster|veins and pockets]] of other minerals (see below). If one of the following types of stone is present on your map, it will be listed in one of the [[biome|biomes]] on the embark screen.<br /><br />
{| border = 1 cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" -valign="top"
|-
! style="background:#efefef;" | [[Sedimentary layer|Sedimentary]]
! style="background:#efefef;" | [[Igneous intrusive layer|Igneous intrusive]]
! style="background:#efefef;" | [[Igneous extrusive layer|Igneous extrusive]]
! style="background:#efefef;" | [[Metamorphic layer|Metamorphic]]
|-valign="top"
|style="padding: 0"|
* {{Raw Tile|░|7:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}} [[Chalk]]
* {{Raw Tile|&#61;|6:7:0}} {{Raw Tile|•|6:0}} [[Chert]]
* {{Raw Tile|,|0:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}} [[Claystone]]
* {{Raw Tile|∞|6:7:0}} {{Raw Tile|•|6:0}} [[Conglomerate]]
* {{Raw Tile|`|7:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}} [[Dolomite]]
* {{Raw Tile|▓|0:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}} [[Flint]]
* {{Raw Tile|▓|7:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}} [[Limestone]]
* {{Raw Tile|≈|6:7:0}} {{Raw Tile|•|6:0}} [[Mudstone]]
* {{Raw Tile|#|7:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}} [[Rock salt]]
* {{Raw Tile|#|6:7:0}} {{Raw Tile|•|6:0}} [[Sandstone]]
* {{Raw Tile|.|0:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}} [[Shale]]
* {{Raw Tile|%|6:7:0}} {{Raw Tile|•|6:0}} [[Siltstone]]

|style="padding: 0"|
* {{Raw Tile|░|0:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}} [[Diorite]]
* {{Raw Tile|▒|0:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}} [[Gabbro]]
* {{Raw Tile|▓|7:0:0}} {{Raw Tile|•|7:0}} [[Granite]]

|style="padding: 0"|
* {{Raw Tile|∞|0:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}} [[Andesite]]*
* {{Raw Tile|#|0:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}} [[Basalt]]*
* {{Raw Tile|.|0:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|7:0}} [[Felsite]]*
* {{Raw Tile|▒|0:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}} [[Obsidian]]
* {{Raw Tile|,|0:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}} [[Rhyolite]]*

|style="padding: 0"|
* {{Raw Tile|&#61;|7:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|7:0}} [[Gneiss]]
* {{Raw Tile|▓|7:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}} [[Marble]]
* {{Raw Tile|-|0:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|7:0}} [[Phyllite]]
* {{Raw Tile|-|7:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}} [[Quartzite]]
* {{Raw Tile|`|6:7:0}} {{Raw Tile|•|6:0}} [[Schist]]
* {{Raw Tile|%|0:7:1}} {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}} [[Slate]]
|}

:''(* These stones are practically identical within the game, distinguished only by their names and their un-mined presentation on the map. See [[basalt]] for the sole minor difference.)''

== Other Stone  ==
Stones found on this table will occur as [[cluster|pockets and veins]] inside their respective stone layers (see above). When your miners newly encounter one of them, the game will pause and you will receive an announcement; even for the ones that have no use other than to build constructions of unusual colors. Note that the veins or clusters can spread into other layers, and may cause some layers to contain stones they usually wouldn't. A few of these stones, such as [[Olivine]], have other, more interesting minerals appear inside them.

Non-layer stone occurs in these forms:

* [[cluster|Large cluster]] - An oval that occupies nearly half of a 48x48 block, area-wise. Only one appears per block.  These average 750 stones each.
* [[Vein]] - A sinuous line of the material crosses the block.  These average 100 stones each, but veins with over 200 stones have been found too.
* [[cluster|Small cluster]] - A sprinkle of 1 to 9 adjacent tiles. Multiple small clusters of different materials may be in the same block.  These average 5 stones each and do not span more than three tiles in each direction.

''The following table does not contain [[ore|ores]] and [[gem|gems]].''

{| class="wikitable" cellspacing="0" border="1" cellpadding="5"
|-
! Icons
! Name
! Found in
|-
|{{Raw Tile|^|7:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}}||[[Alabaster]]||[[Gypsum]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|`|7:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}}||[[Alunite]]||All [[Igneous extrusive]]'''(L)''', [[Kaolinite]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|v|7:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|7:0}}||[[Anhydrite]]||[[Gypsum]]'''(S)''', [[Satinspar]]'''(1)''', [[Alabaster]]'''(1)''', [[Selenite]]'''(1)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|+|4:7:0}}  {{Raw Tile|•|4:0}}||[[Bauxite]]||All [[Sedimentary]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|☼|0:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|☼|0:1}}||[[Bituminous coal]]||All [[Sedimentary layer|Sedimentary]]'''(V)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|`|7:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}}||[[Borax]]||[[Gypsum]]'''(S)''', [[Rock salt]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|6:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|6:1}}||[[Brimstone]]||All [[Igneous extrusive]]'''(S)''', [[Gypsum]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|"|7:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}}||[[Calcite]]||[[Limestone]]'''(S)''', [[Marble]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|&#61;|0:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}}||[[Chromite]]||[[Olivine]]'''(V)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|£|4:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|*|4:1}}||[[Cinnabar]]||All [[Igneous extrusive]]'''(V)''', [[Shale]]'''(V)''', [[Quartzite]]'''(V)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|£|1:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|*|1:1}}||[[Cobaltite]]||All [[Igneous]]'''(V)''', All [[Metamorphic]]'''(V)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|-|7:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}}||[[Cryolite]]||[[Granite]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|o|0:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}}||[[Graphite]]||[[Gneiss]]'''(S)''', [[Quartzite]]'''(S)''', [[Marble]]'''(S)''', [[Schist]]'''(S)'''
|-	
|{{Raw Tile|#|6:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|6:1}}||[[Gypsum]]||All [[Sedimentary]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|"|0:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}}||[[Hornblende]]||All [[Igneous]]'''(S)''', All [[Metamorphic]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|.|0:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}}||[[Ilmenite]]||[[Gabbro]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|░|0:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}}||[[Jet]]||All [[Sedimentary]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|&#61;|4:7:0}}  {{Raw Tile|•|4:0}}||[[Kaolinite]]||All [[Sedimentary]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|1:7:0}}  {{Raw Tile|•|1:0}}||[[Kimberlite]]||[[Gabbro]]'''(V)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|*|0:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}}||[[Lignite]]||All [[Sedimentary]]'''(V)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|7:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}}||[[Marcasite]]||[[Kaolinite]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|v|0:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}}||[[Mica]]||All [[Metamorphic]]'''(L)''', [[Granite]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|3:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|3:1}}||[[Microcline]]||All Stone'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|2:7:0}}  {{Raw Tile|•|2:0}}||[[Olivine]]||[[Gabbro]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|-|6:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|6:1}}||[[Orpiment]]||All [[Igneous extrusive]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|6:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|6:1}}||[[Orthoclase]]||All [[Igneous intrusive]]'''(L)''', All [[Metamorphic]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|,|7:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}}||[[Periclase]]||[[Marble]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|4:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|4:1}}||[[Petrified wood]]||All [[Sedimentary]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|*|5:7:0}}  {{Raw Tile|•|5:0}}||[[Pitchblende]]||[[Granite]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|Θ|6:7:0}}  {{Raw Tile|•|6:0}}||[[Puddingstone]]||[[Conglomerate]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|0:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|0:1}}||[[Pyrolusite]]||All [[Igneous]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|4:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|4:1}}||[[Realgar]]||All [[Igneous extrusive]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|`|5:7:0}}  {{Raw Tile|•|5:0}}||[[Rutile]]||All [[Metamorphic]]'''(S)''', [[Granite]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|x|6:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|6:1}}||[[Saltpeter]]||All [[Sedimentary]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|-|7:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}}||[[Satinspar]]||[[Gypsum]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|;|7:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}}||[[Selenite]]||[[Gypsum]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|≈|2:7:0}}  {{Raw Tile|•|2:0}}||[[Serpentine]]||[[Olivine]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|7:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|7:0}}||[[Stibnite]]||All [[Igneous extrusive]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|&#61;|6:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|6:1}}||[[Sylvite]]||[[Rock salt]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|&#124;|7:7:1}}  {{Raw Tile|•|7:1}}||[[Talc]]||[[Dolomite]]'''(L)'''
|}
:'''(L)''' - occurs in large clusters
:'''(V)''' - occurs in veins
:'''(S)''' - occurs in small clusters
:'''(1)''' - occurs in individual tiles

== DF Geology and real-world Geology ==
The geology and stones of Dwarf Fortress are based on real-world geology and mineralogy. To understand the terms used here, you may want to crack open a geology textbook (a high school one should suffice). If you don't happen to have one close by, the Wikipedia articles for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology geology], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralogy mineralogy], or the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_layers terms in question] might help.

{{40d stones}}

{{Category|Stone|*}}
{{Category|Materials}}